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According to the _____________ immigrant bilinguals will tend to associate themselves with the values and beliefs of the culture associated with the language in which they are currently operating.Fill in the blank.


A) Dual values and beliefs
B) Culture-affiliation hypothesis
C) Minority-group affiliation hypothesis
D) Cross-cultural hypothesis

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which does the following statement explain? Cultures promote communication in which many messages are conveyed indirectly in context rather than directly in verbal language


A) High context cultures
B) Low context cultures
C) Individualistic cultures
D) Middle context cultures

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which was NOT an example to support the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis?


A) The Navajo-dominant children were significantly more likely to categorize by shape than were the English-dominant children
B) African-American children,unlike European Americans,were not accustomed to blocks and form-board toys
C) Chinese speakers are less likely than English speakers to give hypothetical interpretations to a hypothetical story
D) Isolated adults who grew up without language but still could engage in abstract thinking

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which one of following statements does NOT correctly explain culture and language?


A) Language is the primary way we communicate with one another
B) Culture has a pervasive influence on language,and language symbolizes what a culture deems important in our world
C) Culture and language affect the structure of our thought processes
D) All of the above are correct

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The _____ and grammar of a language refer to the system of rules governing word forms and how words should be strung together to form meaningful utterances.For example,English has a grammatical rule that says we add 's' to the end of many words to indicate plurality (cat becomes cats) .English also has a syntactic rule that places adjectives before nouns,not after (for example,small dog,not dog small) .Fill in the blank.


A) Syntax
B) Phonology
C) Pragmatics
D) Lexicon

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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A lexicon refers to


A) Words contained in a language,the vocabulary
B) Words contained in an operation manual
C) The specific meaning that encoders intend to convey and decoders interpret
D) Nothing when it comes to language

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which one of the following statements is NOT what the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests?


A) People of different cultures think differently,just by the very nature,structure,and function of their language
B) Speaking a different language shapes a thought pattern
C) People speaking more than one language have different thought patterns when speaking different languages
D) All of the above are correct

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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_______ are(is) observable behaviors that do not necessarily have inherent meaning,but carry messages that are encoded during communication.These are the specific verbal language and nonverbal behaviors that are encoded when a message is sent.


A) Decoding
B) Encoding
C) Channels
D) Signals

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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_________ are(is) the information and meanings that are exchanged when two or more people communicate.These may be knowledge,ideas,concepts,thoughts,or emotions.


A) Messages
B) Gaze
C) Reactions
D) Speaking

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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According to the text book,communication is a complex and intricate process that involves the exchange of messages between interactants.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Which two factors determine the level of Fishman's Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Schema?


A) Language and cognitive behavior
B) Culture and intelligence
C) Personality and language
D) Family background and language
E) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Correct Answer

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With regard to culture,one can say that


A) Culture can be thought of as a manifestation and product of language
B) Culture and language can be thought of as a manifestation of IC ideologies
C) Culture and language have no connection whatsoever
D) Language can be thought of as a manifestation and product of culture

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Regarding language and thought,Pinker (1995)pointed to the fact that we can think without words and language,suggesting that language does not necessarily determine our thoughts.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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The purpose of language is to encode aspects of the environment into symbols

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Semantics refers to


A) Abstract thoughts
B) The meanings of words
C) The system of rules governing word pronunciation in a given language
D) The system of rules governing word forms and how words should be strung together to form meaningful utterances

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Pragmatics refers to


A) The system of rules governing how language is used and understood in given social contexts
B) The meanings of words
C) The system of rules governing word pronunciation in a given language
D) The system of rules governing word forms and how words should be strung together to form meaningful utterances

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The tendency for immigrant bilinguals to self-identify as members of an ethnic minority group and adopt the behavioral stereotypes held by the majority culture about their minority when they are operating in the language associated with their minority group is referred to as


A) Minority group-affiliation hypothesis
B) Majority group-affiliation hypothesis
C) Culture-affiliation hypothesis
D) There is no such tendency

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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It's impossible to have a meaning system without language

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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What is "Honorific speech"?


A) The smallest and most basic units of sound in a language
B) The words contained in a language,the vocabulary
C) Movements of the body,usually the hands,speech that is generally reflective of thoughts or feelings
D) Speech styles in certain languages speech that denotes status differences among interactants

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is true of people in contact cultures?


A) They engage in more gazing
B) They have less distance when interacting
C) They touch more when interacting
D) All of the above

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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