Question 1

Successful retrieval of information from long-term memory depends on three of the following factors.Retrieval does not depend on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the part of long-term memory being searched.
B)  how the information was stored in the first place.
C)  the duration of working memory.
D)  the presence of relevant retrieval cues.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

In relation to our current knowledge about the neuropsychology of learning, teachers should:

Accepted Answer

A)  turn to psychology rather than biology.
B)  teach to cognitive level.
C)  learn how to increase synapses.
D)  turn to biology rather than psychology.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Nicole learns the formula "E = mc2" by repeating it to herself over and over again.Which one of the following processes is Nicole most clearly demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

A)  elaboration
B)  meaningful learning
C)  rehearsal
D)  internal organizationE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

What is a mental process whereby a learner takes disparate pieces of information to build understanding?

Accepted Answer

A)  reconstruction.
B)  induction.
C)  deduction.
D)  construction.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

What are the two reported benefits to students learning in relation to teacher wait time?

Accepted Answer

A)  less anxiety and more engagement.
B)  less wasted time and less homework
C)  more time to process and better teacher-student discussions.
D)  better classroom behaviours and less frustration.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Describe what psychologists mean when they say that attention and working memory have a limited capacity.Discuss an implication of this limited capacity for student learning.

Accepted Answer

People can only attend to and process a small amount of information, and thus can only deal with one complex task, at any one time.This limited processing capacity has several possible implications (the response needs to mention only one of these):
Keep students' attention focused on the task at hand.
Capture students' attention by making subject matter interesting, exciting, puzzling, etc.
Minimize distractions that take students' attention away from their schoolwork.
Pace instruction so that students receive only so much new information at once-so that the capacity of their working memories are not exceeded.
Do not ask students to solve complex problems entirely in their heads.
Promote automaticity of basic skills that students will use in more complex activities.

Question 7

Which one of the following teaching strategies best reflects the perspective of cognitive psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mr.Fitzgerald plans classroom activities that are likely to elicit desirable student behaviours.
B)  Mr.Peters makes sure that he performs classroom tasks the same way that he wants his students to do them.
C)  Ms.Stewart shows her students exactly what they should and should not do as they use the equipment in his chemistry lab.
D)  Mr.Wells has students recall personal experiences related to the concepts they are studying.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Which one of the following students definitely has a meaningful learning set?

Accepted Answer

A)  Annie practices calculating the area of a triangle by completing her 20 homework problems.
B)  Ben memorizes the fact that 0.5 is equivalent to 1/2.
C)  Myra knows that she will eventually learn the multiplication tables if she practices them enough times.
D)  Dirk is trying to figure out the logic behind the process of long division.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Students in a fifth grade classroom are studying dinosaurs.With the three conditions for meaningful learning in mind, choose the student who is most likely to engage in meaningful learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  When the teacher introduces the topic, Arthur vaguely remembers reading a book about dinosaurs several years ago, although he cannot seem to recall much about it.
B)  When the teacher describes the tremendous size of some of the dinosaurs, Becky remembers a huge brontosaurus skeleton she saw at a museum.
C)  When the teacher writes the word "protoceratops" on the board, Connor writes it down, being sure to copy the word accurately.
D)  When the teacher introduces the terms "meat-eaters" and "plant-eaters," Dale repeats both terms to herself several times.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D) B

Question 10

Which one of the following statements is consistent with the recommendations in the textbook for promoting retrieval?

Accepted Answer

A)  Teach students how to create and use their own retrieval cues.
B)  Show students how to use the keyword method to help them remember lists of ten items or more.
C)  Spend approximately two-thirds of each class day reviewing things that students already know.
D)  At the secondary school level, always use essay tests rather than multiple choice tests.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Three of these teachers will probably promote meaningful learning in their students.Which one is unlikely to do so?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mr.Kovacs shows how the area of a triangle (area = 1/2 base x height)  is half of something they already know-the area of a rectangle.
B)  Ms.Gupta asks her students to define peninsula in their own words.
C)  Mr.Harris encourages his third graders to practice their cursive letters at least once every day.
D)  Ms.Malik points out that the German word krank (meaning "sick")  might be related to the English word cranky.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Three of the following mathematics teachers are using techniques that should help their students remember information.Which one is using a relatively ineffective technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mr.Allen uses wooden blocks to help students understand how the volume of a cube is calculated.
B)  Ms.Onslow asks students to think of real-life problems requiring the use of multiplication.
C)  Mr.Butt shows his students how division is simply the reverse of multiplication.
D)  Ms.Davenport asks her students to memorize definitions of eight geometric figures.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

As his teacher reads a story, Wesley pictures the main characters the way he thinks they must look.By forming visual images based on the verbal descriptions his teacher reads, Wesley is ______ those descriptions.

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding
B)  retrieving
C)  organizing
D)  using verbal mediation to learnE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Mr.Wagner stands in front of the class explaining the process of evolution.Jessie is sitting in the front row, but her mind is on the fight she had with her best friend just before class.Based on this information, how far in Jessie's memory system did Mr.Wagner's lecture get?

Accepted Answer

A)  It reached the sensory register.
B)  It reached working memory.
C)  It reached long-term memory.
D)  It never got into the memory system at all.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Mr.Martinez wants his first grade students to be able to identify 200 reading words at the level of automaticity.Which one of the following techniques will best help his students achieve that goal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tell them how important it is for them to know the words.
B)  Explain how the letters of the words are related to their pronunciation.
C)  Explain how some of the letters in the words are "silent letters."
D)  Give them lots of practice reading the words.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Four students are storing this fact: "Mount Royal in Montreal was named by Jacques Cartier in 1535." Based on the following information, which student is probably going to have the most difficult time retrieving the information from long-term memory a few days later?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alexander repeats the fact to himself ten times in a row.
B)  Marlene once visited Montreal and recalls that it is several hundred years old.
C)  Cathy realizes that 1535 was more than four hundred years ago.
D)  Drew is amazed to learn that the Europeans settled in Montreal before the Seven Years' War.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Which one of the following best reflects the use of the sensory register component of memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  You can remember a tune for several hours, even though you do not remember the words.
B)  You can remember something you heard for a second or two even though you were not paying attention.
C)  You can remember the name of a person just long enough to introduce her to someone else.
D)  You can remember the concept of reinforcement because you are able to relate it to your own experiences.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which one of the following statements best characterizes the duration of the sensory register?

Accepted Answer

A)  Information can last indefinitely in the sensory register if the visual or auditory image is retrieved occasionally.
B)  Meaningless information fades quickly, but meaningful information may remain for hours.
C)  Visual information lasts less than a second, with auditory information lasting a bit longer.
D)  Information remains for about ten seconds regardless of its nature.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above C

Question 19

As Jane reads about Louis Riel's resistance against the government, she pictures him as he must have looked, with dark hair and a full mustache, standing tall and proud as he defended himself at his trial.Considering research findings regarding the effectiveness of visual imagery, we can predict that Jane will:

Accepted Answer

A)  get confused by the vividness of her visual image.
B)  remember the information better than she might otherwise.
C)  store the information in her working memory rather than her long-term memory.
D)  remember her image perfectly for a year or longer.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Ms.Iwata has a long-term goal for her science students-to consider what they have learned about science as they deal with issues and problems in their daily lives.What teaching strategy will best help her students retrieve relevant scientific principles when they need them the most?

Accepted Answer

A)  Make sure that students study those principles in a no-anxiety situation.
B)  Associate those principles with as many real-life situations as possible.
C)  Maximize the use of concrete materials, and minimize the use of abstract ideas.
D)  Maximize the use of abstract ideas, and minimize the use of concrete materials.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 6: Learning and Cognitive Processes

Successful retrieval of information from long-term memory depends on three of the following factors.Retrieval does not depend on:

Correct Answer
verified

In relation to our current knowledge about the neuropsychology of learning, teachers should:

Correct Answer
verified

Nicole learns the formula "E = mc2" by repeating it to herself over and over again.Which one of the following processes is Nicole most clearly demonstrating?

Correct Answer
verified

What is a mental process whereby a learner takes disparate pieces of information to build understanding?

Correct Answer
verified

What are the two reported benefits to students learning in relation to teacher wait time?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe what psychologists mean when they say that attention and working memory have a limited capacity.Discuss an implication of this limited capacity for student learning.

Which one of the following teaching strategies best reflects the perspective of cognitive psychology?

Correct Answer
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Which one of the following students definitely has a meaningful learning set?

Correct Answer
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Students in a fifth grade classroom are studying dinosaurs.With the three conditions for meaningful learning in mind, choose the student who is most likely to engage in meaningful learning.

Correct Answer
verified
B

Which one of the following statements is consistent with the recommendations in the textbook for promoting retrieval?

Correct Answer
verified

Three of these teachers will probably promote meaningful learning in their students.Which one is unlikely to do so?

Correct Answer
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Three of the following mathematics teachers are using techniques that should help their students remember information.Which one is using a relatively ineffective technique?

Correct Answer
verified

As his teacher reads a story, Wesley pictures the main characters the way he thinks they must look.By forming visual images based on the verbal descriptions his teacher reads, Wesley is ______ those descriptions.

Correct Answer
verified

Mr.Wagner stands in front of the class explaining the process of evolution.Jessie is sitting in the front row, but her mind is on the fight she had with her best friend just before class.Based on this information, how far in Jessie's memory system did Mr.Wagner's lecture get?

Correct Answer
verified

Mr.Martinez wants his first grade students to be able to identify 200 reading words at the level of automaticity.Which one of the following techniques will best help his students achieve that goal?

Correct Answer
verified

Four students are storing this fact: "Mount Royal in Montreal was named by Jacques Cartier in 1535." Based on the following information, which student is probably going to have the most difficult time retrieving the information from long-term memory a few days later?

Correct Answer
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Which one of the following best reflects the use of the sensory register component of memory?

Correct Answer
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Which one of the following statements best characterizes the duration of the sensory register?

Correct Answer
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C

Correct Answer
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Ms.Iwata has a long-term goal for her science students-to consider what they have learned about science as they deal with issues and problems in their daily lives.What teaching strategy will best help her students retrieve relevant scientific principles when they need them the most?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Learning and Cognitive Processes

Successful retrieval of information from long-term memory depends on three of the following factors.Retrieval does not depend on:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In relation to our current knowledge about the neuropsychology of learning, teachers should:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nicole learns the formula "E = mc2" by repeating it to herself over and over again.Which one of the following processes is Nicole most clearly demonstrating?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a mental process whereby a learner takes disparate pieces of information to build understanding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the two reported benefits to students learning in relation to teacher wait time?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe what psychologists mean when they say that attention and working memory have a limited capacity.Discuss an implication of this limited capacity for student learning.

Which one of the following teaching strategies best reflects the perspective of cognitive psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following students definitely has a meaningful learning set?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Students in a fifth grade classroom are studying dinosaurs.With the three conditions for meaningful learning in mind, choose the student who is most likely to engage in meaningful learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which one of the following statements is consistent with the recommendations in the textbook for promoting retrieval?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of these teachers will probably promote meaningful learning in their students.Which one is unlikely to do so?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three of the following mathematics teachers are using techniques that should help their students remember information.Which one is using a relatively ineffective technique?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As his teacher reads a story, Wesley pictures the main characters the way he thinks they must look.By forming visual images based on the verbal descriptions his teacher reads, Wesley is ______ those descriptions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr.Wagner stands in front of the class explaining the process of evolution.Jessie is sitting in the front row, but her mind is on the fight she had with her best friend just before class.Based on this information, how far in Jessie's memory system did Mr.Wagner's lecture get?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mr.Martinez wants his first grade students to be able to identify 200 reading words at the level of automaticity.Which one of the following techniques will best help his students achieve that goal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Four students are storing this fact: "Mount Royal in Montreal was named by Jacques Cartier in 1535." Based on the following information, which student is probably going to have the most difficult time retrieving the information from long-term memory a few days later?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following best reflects the use of the sensory register component of memory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following statements best characterizes the duration of the sensory register?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ms.Iwata has a long-term goal for her science students-to consider what they have learned about science as they deal with issues and problems in their daily lives.What teaching strategy will best help her students retrieve relevant scientific principles when they need them the most?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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C

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