Question 1

Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the relationship between salience and stereotype formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salience is necessary but not sufficient for the formation of stereotypes.
B)  Salience is  both necessary and sufficient for the formation of stereotypes.
C)  Salience is sufficient for the formation of stereotypes, but not necessary.
D)  Salience is neither necessary nor sufficient for the formation of stereotypes.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Men tend to be rated less positively when they are seated next to an obese woman than when they are seated next to an average-weight woman. This tendency is known as ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A)  prejudice contagion
B)  stigma by association
C)  the discontinuity effect
D)  the social context biasE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of ingroup favoritism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mike is a religious person who is prejudiced against atheists because he believes that atheists cannot be trusted.
B)  Sasha is the owner of a restaurant. Whenever one of her close friends shows up at the restaurant, she offers them a discount.
C)  Gary has never interacted with an Asian person. He believes that all Asians are alike in many ways.
D)  Rachel is prejudiced against people who are overweight even though her entire family is overweight.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Prejudice can exist without discrimination.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding discrimination against Arabs and Muslims living in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both highly visible forms of discrimination (e.g., vandalism, assault) and less visible forms of discrimination (e.g., workplace discrimination) are extremely common.
B)  Highly visible forms of discrimination (e.g., vandalism, assault) have dramatically increased since 9/11; less visible forms of discrimination (e.g., workplace discrimination) have actually declined.
C)  Highly visible forms of discrimination (e.g., vandalism, assault) are relatively rare; however, less visible forms of discrimination (e.g., workplace discrimination) have increased since 9/11.
D)  Both highly visible forms of discrimination (e.g., vandalism, assault) and less visible forms of discrimination (e.g., workplace discrimination) have decreased since 9/11.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Suppose that Tim is relatively prejudiced against college athletes (he believes that they are overly aggressive and nonintellectual) , while Alex does not appear to be prejudiced against college athletes. Research suggests that Tim and Alex differ in that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Alex has less factual knowledge about college athletes than Tim does
B)  Alex knows fewer college athletes than Tim does
C)  Alex does not call to mind stereotypes about college athletes when he meets them, whereas Tim does
D)  both call to mind stereotypes about college athletes when they meet them, but Alex overrides such stereotypes with other conscious beliefs, whereas Tim does notE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Is competition something that exists across the world, in all known cultures, or are there cultures that are completely peaceful?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are a number of cultures where no competition exists at all-among adults or children.
B)  There are a number of cultures where competition is banned among adults, but it still exists among children.
C)  There are a number of cultures where competition is banned among children, but it still exists among adults.
D)  There are a number of cultures where competition is rare, among both children and adults, but there are no known cultures where it does not exist.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

In a well-known study using archival data, researchers found that-in the southern United States, between 1882 and 1930-there was a statistically significant correlation between the market price of cotton and the frequency of interracial lynching incidents. This study has typically been interpreted as supporting ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the contact hypothesis
B)  realistic conflict theory
C)  social dominance theory
D)  scapegoat theoryE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

How does prejudice regarding obesity compare to racism and sexism?

Accepted Answer

A)  While prejudice regarding obesity may be hurtful, it has very few serious effects compared to racism and sexism.
B)  It appears as though the processes underlying prejudice against obesity, racism, and sexism are not yet known.
C)  Unlike racist and sexist attitudes, many people will openly admit and even act upon their negative attitudes toward obese people.
D)  There is limited evidence of the existence of prejudice regarding obesity, while racism and sexism clearly exist.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

What is scapegoat theory? What are the motivational roots of scapegoating?

Accepted Answer

Scapegoat theory  proposes that people b...

Question 11

Francois is at a bar and asks a woman for her phone number. Suppose the woman rebuffs him and calls him a creep. Which of the following responses BEST exemplifies the outgroup homogeneity bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Francois thinks, "Why can't women be more like men?"
B)  Francois thinks, "Women-they're all the same!"
C)  Francois thinks, "Women are so mysterious and hard to understand."
D)  Francois thinks, "I am annoyed with all women at this point-not just this one."E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Groups are more prone to hostile competition than individuals are. This has been dubbed ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the discontinuity effect
B)  group conflict theory
C)  the minimal group effect
D)  group polarizationE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding the human tendencies for prejudice and stereotyping?

Accepted Answer

A)  These tendencies are relatively new in human history (i.e., they did not exist in ancient cultures) .
B)  These tendencies have only recently been seen as morally wrong (i.e., in modern Western culture) .
C)  These tendencies are relatively new in human history and they have only recently been seen as morally wrong.
D)  These tendencies are ancient and they have always been seen as morally wrong (i.e.,  the earliest written records view them as deplorable) .E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Suppose that Jose was born and raised in Mexico and that-even though he has never been to the United States-he holds a number of stereotypes about Americans. These stereotypes are MOST likely based on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the few brief interactions he has had with Americans in Mexico
B)  what he has heard about Americans from other Mexicans
C)  what he knows about other groups of foreigners
D)  his assumptions about what Americans "must be like" given what he knows about the United States as a countryE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Let's assume that most high school students have "attitude" at one time or another. Mr. Schmidt, a high school athletic director, is a very prejudiced individual. He usually notices when the black students in school have "attitude" and rarely notices when the white students show "attitude." Consequently, he continues to believe that black students are disrespectful to authority. His tendency to focus on social information in a biased way that supports his prejudiced belief illustrates the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  scapegoat theory
B)  the self-serving bias
C)  confirmation bias
D)  the jigsaw classroomE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Research shows that male  job applicants are rated more negatively if they are shown sitting next to an obese woman. This effect is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  contagious stigma
B)  stigma generalization
C)  stigma carryover
D)  stigma by associationE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following refers to the tendency to simultaneously (a) hold egalitarian values and (b) experience negative feelings when interacting with minority groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aversive racism
B)  Social dominance orientation
C)  Contact hypothesis
D)  Discontinuity effectE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

People use stereotypes when their ability to judge is diminished.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

One critical reason why people hold on to stereotypes-even in the face of refuting evidence-is that they tend to view pieces of refuting evidence as exceptions that constitute their own (new) categories. That is, they tend to create ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  typologies
B)  biases
C)  prototypes
D)  subtypesE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

"Biased judgments based on stereotypes and prejudices are not only unfair and immoral; in some cases, they can have lethal consequences." Explain with an example.

Accepted Answer

Biased judgments based on stereotypes an...

Exam 13: Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups are more prone to hostile competition than individuals are. This has been dubbed ____.

Correct Answer
verified

How does prejudice regarding obesity compare to racism and sexism?

Correct Answer
verified

Prejudice can exist without discrimination.

Correct Answer
verified

What is scapegoat theory? What are the motivational roots of scapegoating?

Correct Answer
verified
Scapegoat theory proposes that people b...
View Answer

"Biased judgments based on stereotypes and prejudices are not only unfair and immoral; in some cases, they can have lethal consequences." Explain with an example.

Correct Answer
verified
Biased judgments based on stereotypes an...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

One critical reason why people hold on to stereotypes-even in the face of refuting evidence-is that they tend to view pieces of refuting evidence as exceptions that constitute their own (new) categories. That is, they tend to create ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding the human tendencies for prejudice and stereotyping?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of ingroup favoritism?

Correct Answer
verified

Francois is at a bar and asks a woman for her phone number. Suppose the woman rebuffs him and calls him a creep. Which of the following responses BEST exemplifies the outgroup homogeneity bias?

Correct Answer
verified

People use stereotypes when their ability to judge is diminished.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following refers to the tendency to simultaneously (a) hold egalitarian values and (b) experience negative feelings when interacting with minority groups?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding discrimination against Arabs and Muslims living in the United States?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the relationship between salience and stereotype formation?

Correct Answer
verified

Is competition something that exists across the world, in all known cultures, or are there cultures that are completely peaceful?

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose that Tim is relatively prejudiced against college athletes (he believes that they are overly aggressive and nonintellectual) , while Alex does not appear to be prejudiced against college athletes. Research suggests that Tim and Alex differ in that ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Research shows that male job applicants are rated more negatively if they are shown sitting next to an obese woman. This effect is called ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose that Jose was born and raised in Mexico and that-even though he has never been to the United States-he holds a number of stereotypes about Americans. These stereotypes are MOST likely based on ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Men tend to be rated less positively when they are seated next to an obese woman than when they are seated next to an average-weight woman. This tendency is known as ____.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 13: Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups are more prone to hostile competition than individuals are. This has been dubbed ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does prejudice regarding obesity compare to racism and sexism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prejudice can exist without discrimination.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is scapegoat theory? What are the motivational roots of scapegoating?

Correct AnswerverifiedScapegoat theory proposes that people b...View AnswerShow Answer

"Biased judgments based on stereotypes and prejudices are not only unfair and immoral; in some cases, they can have lethal consequences." Explain with an example.

Correct AnswerverifiedBiased judgments based on stereotypes an...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One critical reason why people hold on to stereotypes-even in the face of refuting evidence-is that they tend to view pieces of refuting evidence as exceptions that constitute their own (new) categories. That is, they tend to create ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding the human tendencies for prejudice and stereotyping?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of ingroup favoritism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Francois is at a bar and asks a woman for her phone number. Suppose the woman rebuffs him and calls him a creep. Which of the following responses BEST exemplifies the outgroup homogeneity bias?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People use stereotypes when their ability to judge is diminished.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following refers to the tendency to simultaneously (a) hold egalitarian values and (b) experience negative feelings when interacting with minority groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate regarding discrimination against Arabs and Muslims living in the United States?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the relationship between salience and stereotype formation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Is competition something that exists across the world, in all known cultures, or are there cultures that are completely peaceful?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that Tim is relatively prejudiced against college athletes (he believes that they are overly aggressive and nonintellectual) , while Alex does not appear to be prejudiced against college athletes. Research suggests that Tim and Alex differ in that ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research shows that male job applicants are rated more negatively if they are shown sitting next to an obese woman. This effect is called ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that Jose was born and raised in Mexico and that-even though he has never been to the United States-he holds a number of stereotypes about Americans. These stereotypes are MOST likely based on ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Men tend to be rated less positively when they are seated next to an obese woman than when they are seated next to an average-weight woman. This tendency is known as ____. ​

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Scapegoat theory proposes that people b...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Biased judgments based on stereotypes an...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Men tend to be rated less positively when they are seated next to an obese woman than when they are seated next to an average-weight woman. This tendency is known as ____.

Correct Answer
verified