Question 1

Remarkably, Phineas Gage survived a horrific traumatic brain injury in 1848 but was not the same person as before his accident. Although outwardly normal in his intelligence, speech, and movement, Gage became prone to

Accepted Answer

A)   seizures and strokes.
B)   difficulties with speech and movement.
C)   memory loss and difficulty with computations.
D)   angry outbursts and unreliability.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 2

The idea that a person's dominant hemisphere influences their creativity or ability to think logically is

Accepted Answer

A)   supported by the evidence that most left-handed individuals are employed as artists or musicians.
B)   a popular myth about lateralization.
C)   supported by the research findings on split-brain operations.
D)   important for teachers to consider when working with children who have learning disabilities.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Molly, a second-year neuroscience graduate student, treats neurons grown in a petri dish with drugs that "block" the function of neuronal receptors. What is a consequence of the drug treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)   The neurons will become depolarized, initiating a refractory period.
B)   The neurons will become hyperpolarized and less likely to initiate another action potential.
C)   The synaptic vesicles will be void of neurotransmitters, blocking neuronal communication.
D)   Action potentials will fire immediately, enhancing neuronal communication.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 4

The relationship between neurons and glia is similar to the relationship between

Accepted Answer

A)   plumbers and electricians.
B)   baseball players and their coaches.
C)   ballerinas and their audience members.
D)   dentists and their patients' teeth.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above B

Question 5

The _____ is the division of the autonomic nervous system associated with rest, repair, and energy storage.

Accepted Answer

A)   parasympathetic nervous system
B)   somatic nervous system
C)   endocrine system
D)   sympathetic nervous systemE) C) and D)
F) A) and D) A

Question 6

The endocrine system is comprised of a number of glands that release chemical messengers known as

Accepted Answer

A)   hormones into the blood.
B)   neurotransmitters into the blood.
C)   hormones into the cerebrospinal fluid.
D)   neurotransmitters into the cerebrospinal fluid.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

As part of the brainstem, the _____ is involved in maintaining balance and motor coordination; it is one of the first structures of the brain to be affected by alcohol .

Accepted Answer

A)   thalamus
B)   cerebellum
C)   amygdala
D)   medullaE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Damage to the midbrain would most likely result in

Accepted Answer

A)   the inability to speak.
B)   changes in pain perception.
C)   the inability to regulate blood pressure.
D)   difficulties with facial expressions.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Professor Freeman calls on his student Maya to describe how the presence of myelin affects an action potential. Maya should respond with which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)   Current flows along the unmyelinated segments and action potentials propagate along the myelinated portions of the axon, decreasing the speed and efficiency of the action potential.
B)   Current flows under the myelin and action potentials propagate along the unmyelinated segments of the axon, decreasing the speed and efficiency of the action potential.
C)   Current flows along the unmyelinated segments and action potentials propagate along the myelinated portions of the axon, increasing the speed and efficiency of the action potential.
D)   Current flows under the myelin and action potentials propagate along the unmyelinated segments of the axon, increasing the speed and efficiency of the action potential.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Myelin, which insulates many neuronal axons, is formed by

Accepted Answer

A)   synaptic coatings.
B)   blood vessel extensions.
C)   dendritic sheathing.
D)   glial membranes.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D) D

Question 11

The depolarizing or hyperpolarizing current that results from neurotransmitter activity at the synapses of the receiving neuron drifts to the junction of the

Accepted Answer

A)   dendrites and cell body.
B)   glia and dendrites.
C)   cell body and axon.
D)   axon and nucleus.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Why is the primary motor cortex important for the control of movement?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is the only brain area that regulates movement.
B)   It provides the highest level of voluntary control over movement.
C)   It regulates all involuntary movements.
D)   It contains all of the motor neurons of the brain.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

The pons lies above the medulla and contains structures involved with the management of

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory reflexes, movement, and pain.
B)   heart rate and blood pressure.
C)   sleep, arousal, and facial expressions.
D)   balance and motor coordination.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

At the physical level, the brain is protected by all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   meninges.
B)   cerebrospinal fluid.
C)   neurotransmitters.
D)   skull.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Describe the functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Provide an example of an event (e.g., a close call on the highway, a relaxing evening in front of the fire, or deciding whether to take a new job), and describe how one or the other of the nervous systems is involved.

Accepted Answer

As the two parts of the autonomic nervou...

Question 16

Dave is asked a series of questions by a neuropsychologist such as, "Please describe the weather outside today." Speaking with ease Dave replies, "The traffic on the way to your office was awful, I could not use my airplane because it was stuck in the garage." In which area of his brain does Dave have damage?

Accepted Answer

A)   Broca's
B)   Wernicke's
C)   Ranvier's
D)   M'Naghten'sE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 17

_____ is a neurotransmitter that is found at the neuromuscular junction, in the autonomic nervous system, and in the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)   Dopamine
B)   Serotonin
C)   Acetylcholine
D)   GlutamateE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 18

Juan, a graduate student in an electrophysiology lab, stimulates an isolated neuron grown in a petri dish and measures its action potential. How will the neuron respond to the firing of the action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)   Its dendrites will retract.
B)   Its dendrites will extend.
C)   It will take up chemical messengers.
D)   It will release chemical messengers.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Elaine, a graduate student in a neuroscience department, is interested in understanding the effects of popular herbal remedies on neuronal communication. After growing neurons in a petri dish, she exposes the neurons to several common herbal supplements. After performing a series of electrophysiology experiments, she notes that one class of herbal supplements caused the neurons to become depolarized. What does this result mean?

Accepted Answer

A)   The difference between the electrical charges of the extracellular and intracellular recordings decreased, increasing the chances of an action potential.
B)   The difference between the electrical charges of the extracellular and intracellular recordings decreased, decreasing the chances of an action potential.
C)   The difference between the electrical charges of the extracellular and intracellular recordings increased, increasing the chances of an action potential.
D)   The difference between the electrical charges of the extracellular and intracellular recordings increased, decreasing the chances of an action potential.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Some individuals wash their hands repeatedly, unable to find relief from the thought that they are dirty or contaminated. This obsessive behavior may be related to a disorder of the

Accepted Answer

A)   thalamus.
B)   hippocampus.
C)   nucleus accumbens.
D)   basal ganglia.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 4: The Biological Mind the Physical Basis of Behavior

Remarkably, Phineas Gage survived a horrific traumatic brain injury in 1848 but was not the same person as before his accident. Although outwardly normal in his intelligence, speech, and movement, Gage became prone to

Correct Answer
verified

The idea that a person's dominant hemisphere influences their creativity or ability to think logically is

Correct Answer
verified

Molly, a second-year neuroscience graduate student, treats neurons grown in a petri dish with drugs that "block" the function of neuronal receptors. What is a consequence of the drug treatment?

Correct Answer
verified

The relationship between neurons and glia is similar to the relationship between

Correct Answer
verified
B

The _____ is the division of the autonomic nervous system associated with rest, repair, and energy storage.

Correct Answer
verified
A

The endocrine system is comprised of a number of glands that release chemical messengers known as

Correct Answer
verified

As part of the brainstem, the _____ is involved in maintaining balance and motor coordination; it is one of the first structures of the brain to be affected by alcohol .

Correct Answer
verified

Damage to the midbrain would most likely result in

Correct Answer
verified

Professor Freeman calls on his student Maya to describe how the presence of myelin affects an action potential. Maya should respond with which of the following statements?

Correct Answer
verified

Myelin, which insulates many neuronal axons, is formed by

Correct Answer
verified
D

The depolarizing or hyperpolarizing current that results from neurotransmitter activity at the synapses of the receiving neuron drifts to the junction of the

Correct Answer
verified

Why is the primary motor cortex important for the control of movement?

Correct Answer
verified

The pons lies above the medulla and contains structures involved with the management of

Correct Answer
verified

At the physical level, the brain is protected by all of the following EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Provide an example of an event (e.g., a close call on the highway, a relaxing evening in front of the fire, or deciding whether to take a new job), and describe how one or the other of the nervous systems is involved.

Correct Answer
verified
As the two parts of the autonomic nervou...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

_____ is a neurotransmitter that is found at the neuromuscular junction, in the autonomic nervous system, and in the central nervous system.

Correct Answer
verified

Juan, a graduate student in an electrophysiology lab, stimulates an isolated neuron grown in a petri dish and measures its action potential. How will the neuron respond to the firing of the action potential?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Some individuals wash their hands repeatedly, unable to find relief from the thought that they are dirty or contaminated. This obsessive behavior may be related to a disorder of the

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: The Biological Mind the Physical Basis of Behavior

Remarkably, Phineas Gage survived a horrific traumatic brain injury in 1848 but was not the same person as before his accident. Although outwardly normal in his intelligence, speech, and movement, Gage became prone to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that a person's dominant hemisphere influences their creativity or ability to think logically is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Molly, a second-year neuroscience graduate student, treats neurons grown in a petri dish with drugs that "block" the function of neuronal receptors. What is a consequence of the drug treatment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relationship between neurons and glia is similar to the relationship between

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The _____ is the division of the autonomic nervous system associated with rest, repair, and energy storage.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The endocrine system is comprised of a number of glands that release chemical messengers known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As part of the brainstem, the _____ is involved in maintaining balance and motor coordination; it is one of the first structures of the brain to be affected by alcohol .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to the midbrain would most likely result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Freeman calls on his student Maya to describe how the presence of myelin affects an action potential. Maya should respond with which of the following statements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myelin, which insulates many neuronal axons, is formed by

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The depolarizing or hyperpolarizing current that results from neurotransmitter activity at the synapses of the receiving neuron drifts to the junction of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the primary motor cortex important for the control of movement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pons lies above the medulla and contains structures involved with the management of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

At the physical level, the brain is protected by all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Provide an example of an event (e.g., a close call on the highway, a relaxing evening in front of the fire, or deciding whether to take a new job), and describe how one or the other of the nervous systems is involved.

Correct AnswerverifiedAs the two parts of the autonomic nervou...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is a neurotransmitter that is found at the neuromuscular junction, in the autonomic nervous system, and in the central nervous system.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Juan, a graduate student in an electrophysiology lab, stimulates an isolated neuron grown in a petri dish and measures its action potential. How will the neuron respond to the firing of the action potential?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some individuals wash their hands repeatedly, unable to find relief from the thought that they are dirty or contaminated. This obsessive behavior may be related to a disorder of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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A

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D

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As the two parts of the autonomic nervou...
View Answer

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