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____________________ involves the impact of saltating sand grains on an object.

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Loess is important because it:


A) is an important source of building material.
B) is rich in important ore deposits.
C) sometimes contains petroleum.
D) makes fertile soil.
E) is an important source of groundwater.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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The Coriolis effect is caused by:


A) wind shear between water and the atmosphere.
B) the axial tilt of the Earth.
C) the rotation of the Earth.
D) differences in air pressure in different regions.
E) Milankovitch cycles.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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C

As in more humid regions, streams in deserts draw upon groundwater to replace water lost to evaporation and absorption into the ground.

A) True
B) False

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What are deserts, and where are they located on Earth?

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Deserts are arid lands that receive less...

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The process of encroachment/invasion of deserts into regions that were once productive is termed as?


A) evaporation
B) expansion
C) desertification
D) desiccation
E) dehydration

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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C

All true deserts have widespread sand dunes.

A) True
B) False

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What factors affect the type of dune that forms?

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Factors include vegetation cov...

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Buttes are isolated steep-sided, pinnacle-like hills formed when resistant cap rock is breached and less resistant underlying rocks are eroded.

A) True
B) False

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An erosional bedrock surface of low relief that slopes gently away from a mountain base is a(n) :


A) alluvium.
B) bajada.
C) playa.
D) plain.
E) pediment.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Dunes that form when vegetation cover is broken by deflation and the dune tips point upwind are:


A) longitudinal.
B) transverse.
C) barchan.
D) parabolic.
E) none of the above

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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What is desert pavement, and how does it form?

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Desert pavement is a mosaic of close-fitting rocks found in the desert. Winds remove sand-sized particles by deflation, leaving a surface of pebbles, cobbles, and boulders. Once desert pavement forms, it protects the underlying material from further deflation.

Briefly explain how mesas and buttes form.

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A nearly horizontal resistant layer of r...

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Briefly explain why loess can originate in, but is not deposited in, deserts.

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For loess to accumul...

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Explain the ways in which alluvial fans and deltas are similar.

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Both are deposited by running ...

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All dunes have crests oriented perpendicular to the direction of wind movement.

A) True
B) False

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The close-fitting mosaic of pebbles, cobbles, and boulders covering the floor of many deserts and semiarid regions is called:


A) ventifact.
B) desert pavement.
C) longitudinal dune.
D) yardang.
E) barchan dune.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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A playa forms by ____________________ of a playa lake.

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The transformation of formerly productive lands into deserts is called ____________________.

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What are deflation hollows?

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Deflation hollows ar...

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