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What are the characteristics of a good coding scheme?

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A good coding scheme, which refers to th...

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Which of the following is NOT a bias that can affect naturalistic observation?


A) latency
B) selective attention
C) point of view
D) reconstructive memory

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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A ______ is used to decide whether a single behavior is present or absent.


A) unit of analysis
B) coding scheme
C) content map
D) latent variable

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Professor Greenberg conducts a field experiment in which a research assistant pretends to fall, hurt his knee, and be unable to stand up. In a randomly determined order, the research assistant either calls out for help or remains silent. The dependent variable is the amount of time that elapses between the "accident" and a passer-by stopping to help. Professor Greenberg is using the ________ strategy to implement his independent variable.


A) accosting
B) unobtrusive
C) street theater
D) field intervention

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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The accosting strategy for implementing the independent variable in a field experiment consists of


A) approaching people in a natural setting and asking them to participate in a research study.
B) staging an incident that will be witnessed by virtually every person in the surrounding area.
C) selecting a specific person in a setting who then becomes the target for the experimental intervention.
D) waiting until an event that constitutes a manipulation of the independent variable naturally occurs in the setting.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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In a natural experiment, researchers


A) manipulate an independent variable in a natural setting and use existing groups of people as the experimental and control groups.
B) take advantage of events outside their control that, in effect, manipulate an independent variable.
C) study people's natural behavioral responses to a manipulated independent variable in a natural setting.
D) have participants fill out questionnaires, the content of which manipulates the independent variable.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Dr. George studied whether people are more likely to evacuate when a predicted hurricane has been assigned a male name rather than a female name. Dr. George has conducted a(n)


A) natural experiment.
B) interrupted time series study.
C) field experiment.
D) participant observation study.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following statements about conducting field experiments is FALSE?


A) Because people select themselves into field research settings, the participants' characteristics might be confounded with characteristics of the setting.
B) Field experiments are vulnerable to disruption by factors beyond the experimenter's control.
C) Validity of the dependent measure can be an issue because others in the research setting might influence research participants' responses.
D) Because the independent variable is manipulated in a natural setting, its construct validity is not an issue.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In a _________, the independent variable is manipulated and existing groups of people are assigned to either the experimental or the control group.


A) natural experiment
B) quasi-experiment
C) time series experiment
D) either a or b, but not c

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Why is it important to replicate laboratory research in a field setting?

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Replicating laboratory research in a fie...

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When developing a coding scheme, why do researchers distinguish between manifest and latent content? Be sure to define these concepts as you answer the question.

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When developing a coding scheme, researc...

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Compared to laboratory research, field research is less artificial. However, field research allows less control over


A) extraneous variables.
B) the people who participate in the research.
C) independent variables.
D) all of the above.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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