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Which of the following adjuvants is/are capable of enhancing mucosal immunity? I. Squalene II. Cholera toxin III. Monophosphoryl lipid A


A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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D

Which of the following is an example of a virulence factor?


A) Host cell cilia
B) Viral subunits
C) Bacterial DNA
D) Polysaccharide capsule

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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What is the purpose of adding an adjuvant to a vaccine?


A) To reduce side effects
B) To enhance the immune response
C) To lower risk of allergic reactions
D) To prevent microbial contamination

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Why do adenovirus vaccine vectors have limited utility?


A) Adenoviruses are small and cannot incorporate large numbers of genes from other viruses.
B) Most humans have preexisting antibodies that neutralize the vector before it can reach target tissue.
C) The immune response is weaker because the vector displays antigens from both the adenovirus and the pathogenic virus, diluting the immune response.
D) If the adenovirus incorporates large numbers of genes from pathogenic viruses, it may lose the ability to infect host tissue and elicit an immune response.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Peyer's patches are located in the:


A) Bronchial tree
B) Urogenital tract
C) Back of the throat
D) Gastrointestinal (GI) tract

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which type of vaccine may revert to a virulent form of the organism?


A) Cholera vaccine
B) Pertussis vaccine
C) Salk polio vaccine
D) Influenza vaccine (subcutaneous version)

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which type of vaccine involves culturing both noninfective and infective viruses together to produce a noninfective vaccine agent with the antigens of the infective virus?


A) Subunit vaccines
B) Conjugate vaccines
C) Reassortment vaccines
D) Recombinant viral vaccines

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is true concerning excipients in vaccines? I. Excipients can cause allergic reactions. II. Excipients may be purposefully added to vaccines. III. Excipients may be contaminants from the manufacturing process.


A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Correct Answer

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E

Which of the following is an advantage of live, attenuated vaccination over other types of vaccination?


A) Inexpensive to make
B) One dose produces immunity
C) Always stimulate mucosal and systemic immunity
D) Pose no health risks to immunosuppressed individuals

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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B cells in the germinal centers of the tonsils predominantly produce which type of antibody?


A) IgA
B) IgE
C) IgG
D) IgM

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following pose little or no risk to immunocompromised individuals? I. Subunit vaccine II. Inactivated vaccine III. Live, attenuated vaccine


A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is a conjugate vaccine?


A) Sabin polio
B) Hepatitis A
C) Rotavirus vaccine
D) Pneumococcal vaccine

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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What is the difference between Freund's Incomplete Adjuvant (FIA) and Freund's Complete Adjuvant (FCA) ?


A) FIA does not contain water.
B) FIA does not contain mineral oil.
C) FIA does not contain killed mycobacteria.
D) FIA does not contain mannide monooleate.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Why are toxoid vaccines an effective means for reducing bacterial illness?


A) The toxin causes the damage, not the bacteria.
B) Bacteria have to die before the toxins can cause damage.
C) The toxins stimulate the immune system better than bacteria.
D) Bacteria have the toxins on their surface, so an immune response to the toxins will neutralize both.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an example of a(n) :


A) Toxoid
B) Exotoxin
C) Endotoxin
D) Enterotoxin

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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C

Showing 1 - 15 of 15

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