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Which of the following is not true of Ebola and Marburg?


A) caused by filoviruses
B) disruption of clotting factors
C) transmitted by direct contact with body fluids
D) transmitted by mosquitos
E) there is no treatment

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Acute endocarditis is most commonly contracted through


A) ingestion.
B) parenteral entry.
C) casual contact.
D) droplets.
E) fomites.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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In severe cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever,the enlarged lesions of the rash can become necrotic and predispose the patient to gangrene of toes and fingertips.

A) True
B) False

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Lyme disease is only seen in people living in Lyme,Connecticut.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is not true of septicemia?


A) fever and shaking chills
B) respiratory acidosis
C) endotoxic shock
D) parenteral or endogenous transfer
E) drop in blood pressure

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Which type of hemorrhagic fever can be treated with ribavirin?


A) Lassa fever
B) Ebola
C) Marburg
D) dengue fever
E) yellow fever

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Erythema migrans,a bull's-eye rash,at the portal of entry is associated with


A) plague.
B) Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
C) Q fever.
D) Lyme disease.
E) yellow fever.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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The presence of viruses in the blood is called


A) viremia.
B) fungemia.
C) hemovirus.
D) bacteremia.
E) septicemia.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format. Jennifer is a 13-year-old girl with cerebral palsy, who came to your children’s hospital for a posterior spinal fusion, where her spine was straightened with rods that were surgically implanted. She tolerated the procedure well, but now 24 hours after the lengthy operation, her blood pressure is 70/25, with a heart rate of 150, fever of 104 degrees, and breathing deeply and rapidly. Whereas several hours ago her vital signs were stable and she was talking to you, she now seems to show no interest in interacting with anybody. Of note, her incision site down her back is swollen, red, and oozing a cloudy white substance. You call the attending physician, who rushes to the bedside. -What is the most likely diagnosis?


A) Dengue fever
B) bacterial septicemia
C) postoperative hemorrhagic fever
D) fungemia

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Yersinia pestis


A) was virulent in the Middle Ages but is no longer virulent.
B) has humans as an endemic reservoir.
C) does not respond to antimicrobial drugs.
D) is usually transmitted by a flea vector.
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The cyclic bouts of fever and chills in malaria are caused by


A) liver cell lysis.
B) white blood cell lysis.
C) red blood cell lysis.
D) neurological involvement.
E) None of the choices is correct.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Aedes mosquitoes are the vectors involved in yellow fever and dengue fever.

A) True
B) False

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All of the following pertain to patients with AIDS except they


A) have an immunodeficiency.
B) have CD4 T-cell titers below 200 cells/mm3 of blood.
C) get repeated,life-threatening opportunistic infections.
D) can get unusual cancers and neurological disorders.
E) have the highest number of cases worldwide in the United States.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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All of the following pertain to HIV except


A) attaches primarily to host cells with CD4 receptors.
B) initial infection often associated with vague symptoms.
C) becomes latent in host cells.
D) ELISA and Western blot tests detect HIV antigens.
E) can enter into nervous tissues and cause abnormalities.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format. Suzanne is a pregnant 25-year-old woman with a known HIV infection. This is her first child. She comes into your community clinic for a 20-week checkup. Her HIV was first diagnosed by a screening tool at a clinic when she was 18 years old, and has remained largely asymptomatic. Per her report, she has been very compliant with her antiretroviral therapies. In fact, the father of her child is not HIV positive. She comes in today with lots of questions and concerns about her unborn child. -Suzanne wants to know the risk of her child being HIV positive.What is the risk?


A) The child will be HIV positive because Suzanne is HIV positive,and there is no way to prevent transmission.
B) Since HIV is passed through the father,the child will be HIV negative.
C) It is impossible to know if HIV will be passed on to the child,but you can decrease the chances by vigilant antiretroviral therapy.
D) Fetal immunity will ward off HIV during pregnancy,but the child should not breast-feed.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Yellow fever and dengue fever are


A) caused by arboviruses.
B) caused by viruses that disrupt capillaries and blood clotting.
C) zoonoses.
D) transmitted by a mosquito vector.
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Most cases of septicemia are caused by


A) fungi.
B) viruses.
C) prions.
D) bacteria.
E) protozoans.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Lyme disease is transmitted by


A) flies.
B) droplets.
C) lice.
D) fleas.
E) ticks.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Please read the clinical scenario, and then answer the question that follow to become familiar with the traditional NCLEX question format. Jennifer is a 13-year-old girl with cerebral palsy, who came to your children’s hospital for a posterior spinal fusion, where her spine was straightened with rods that were surgically implanted. She tolerated the procedure well, but now 24 hours after the lengthy operation, her blood pressure is 70/25, with a heart rate of 150, fever of 104 degrees, and breathing deeply and rapidly. Whereas several hours ago her vital signs were stable and she was talking to you, she now seems to show no interest in interacting with anybody. Of note, her incision site down her back is swollen, red, and oozing a cloudy white substance. You call the attending physician, who rushes to the bedside. -Your suspicions are confirmed a few days later,with S.aureus being the primary organism responsible for Jennifer's septicemia.Although empiric antibiotic therapy was initiated,what is the next step?


A) continue initial empiric therapy,as cessation could encourage resistance
B) narrow antibiotic coverage as indicated
C) cease antibiotics,3 days of treatment is the standard
D) continue empiric coverage,as other organisms may have gone undetected

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which is incorrect regarding Q fever?


A) transmitted by lice
B) pathogen produces resistant spores
C) humans infected from unpasteurized milk and airborne spread
D) causes fever,muscle aches,rash,and sometimes pneumonia
E) is a zoonosis

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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