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When a river reaches a base level,its forward velocity rapidly decelerates as it enters a larger body of standing water.Which feature is formed?


A) An estuary.
B) An alluvial terrace.
C) A delta.
D) A stream terrace.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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  Structural domes with concentric patterns of rock strata guide stream courses to form which drainage pattern? A) Radial. B) Parallel. C) Annular. D) Dendritic. Structural domes with concentric patterns of rock strata guide stream courses to form which drainage pattern?


A) Radial.
B) Parallel.
C) Annular.
D) Dendritic.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Which is the process whereby streams deepen their channel?


A) Headwater erosion.
B) Channel incision.
C) Stream piracy.
D) Saltation.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Which is a stream that downcuts at the same rate as tectonic uplift,thereby maintaining its course?


A) Meandering stream.
B) Anabranching river.
C) Antecedent stream.
D) Rejuvenated river.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A central peak,such as a volcanic mountain,generally produces which drainage pattern?


A) Radial.
B) Trellis.
C) Parallel.
D) Annular.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Physical weathering is the main process that contributes to the dissolved load of streams.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following best describes the relationship of deforestation to sediment load?


A) Trees provide dissolved sediments to the stream; as trees are removed,the dissolved loads are diminished.
B) Trees roots help "anchor" soil; as the trees are removed,the soil more readily erodes into the river channels.
C) Forestry waste is often dumped in streams,contributing to the suspended loads.
D) The loss of trees along banks of streams increases stream velocity.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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John Wesley Powell put forward the idea of base level.To which does this refer?


A) The amount of discharge in a particular reach of a stream.
B) A level below which a stream cannot erode its valley.
C) An evolutionary cycle of landscape development from fluvial action.
D) The average height of a stream channel.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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If the load exceeds a stream's capacity,sediment accumulates in the bed? Which is this process?


A) Downcutting.
B) Degradation.
C) Aggradation.
D) Saltation.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which is the general term for unconsolidated clay,silt,sand,gravel,and mineral fragments deposited by running water?


A) Alluvium.
B) Deposition.
C) Aggradation.
D) Degradation.

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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A flood plain is best described by which of the following?


A) It is an erosional feature located within a depositional feature.
B) Floodplains are not associated with deposition.
C) It is generally filled with layers of alluvium.
D) Despite the name,they are rarely subjected to flooding.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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What is the drainage density of a 100 km2 drainage basin with 25 km of stream,running through three rivers?


A) 3)
B) 33.333.
C) 4 km • km-2.
D) 0) 25 km • km-2.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following best describes floodplains?


A) They rarely occur in a fluvial landscape created by an "old" river.
B) They are erosional landforms.
C) They often evolve after a stream has ceased downcutting at a significant rate.
D) They are the areas of a stream where terraces are present.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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